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Sur la route de Pise, avant d'entrer dans le Foro di San Giuliano, le tunnel qui relie les deux villes toscanes de l'autre côté de la montagne, se trouve l'ancien et charmant village de Santa Maria del Giudice, qui tire son nom, depuis le XIIe siècle, d'une famille d'origine lombarde qui y possédait de grands domaines.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
Dans le petit village, entouré de collines verdoyantes, se trouve l'église paroissiale de San Giovanni, également appelée la vieille église paroissiale, pour la distinguer de la nouvelle église paroissiale (de Santa Maria) située non loin de là.

Achevée dans la seconde moitié du XIIe siècle (une inscription sur le linteau du portail confirme la datation de l'église entre 1160 et 1170), l'actuelle église paroissiale est la reconstruction d'un édifice religieux plus ancien, mentionné pour la première fois en 918, dont il ne reste que le clocher et quelques décorations du haut Moyen Âge sur les consoles extérieures.

L'église est de style roman pisan-lucca, avec une nef et deux nefs et une abside éclairée par trois fenêtres à une seule lancette. La façade présente un double ordre de loggias aveugles, décorées avec les inserts typiques en pierre verte bicolore, qui caractérisent de nombreuses autres églises de Lucques.
L'architrave de la porte centrale, décorée d'un motif végétal en spirale, et les chapiteaux des colonnes à l'intérieur sont également de style classique.